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Ipomoea pes-caprae

(L.) R.Br. (1818)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Solanales Family: Convolvulaceae Genus: Ipomoea

beach morning glory, pōhuehue [pohuehue], puhuehue

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Vines.

Stems: Stems long–trailing and often rooting at the nodes, fleshy to nearly woody, from a thickened taproot, up to 5 m or more long, glabrous.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate, often secund (arranged on one side only). Blades ovate, obovate, elliptic, orbicular or transverse–elliptic to reniform, (3–)5–11 cm long, rarely longer. Apex emarginate or rarely truncate, mucronulate. Base cuneate to truncate, attenuate, or cordate. Surfaces glabrous, leaf blades fleshy. Margins entire. Petiolate. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers solitary or occasionally in cymes, usually axillary, pedicels 10–30 mm long, rarely longer, bracts scale-like to foliose. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic, 5-merous. Calyx of 5 sepals, distinct, imbricate, glabrous to pubescent, subcoriaceous to coriaceous, unequal or subequal, outer ones usually orbicular, 8–9 mm long, inner ones ovate to broadly elliptic, 12–13 mm long, glabrous, apex obtuse and mucronulate, often somewhat enlarging in fruit but not markedly accrescent, persistent, occasionally accrescent. Corolla of 5 fused petals; petals limb pink to lavender purple, the throat purple, rarely corolla white, funnelform, 5–7 cm long. Stamens 5, distinct; included or rarely exserted; filaments inserted on corolla tube base alternate with corolla lobes; anthers dithecal, usually linear or oblong, extrorse. Ovary superior, 2–4-carpellate, usually with as many cells, placentation basal or basal-axile; ovules 2(4, 6) per cell, or ovary 1-celled and ovules 4, these erect, anatropous; style 1, filiform, simple or bifid, or sometimes with 2 distinct style; stigma globose or 2–3-lobed, the lobes globose.

Fruit: Capsules brown; ovoid to depressed–globose; 1.2–1.7 cm long; glabrous; dehiscent by 4 valves or rarely 6 valves; or splitting irregularly. Seeds 1–4; brown to nearly black; ovoid; trigonous; 6–10 mm long; densely brown tomentose; endosperm absent or scanty; cartilaginous; cotyledons usually foliaceous.

Ploidy: 2n = 30; 60

Habitat: occurring on beaches; occasionally inland.

Elevation Range: 0–460 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

  • The tough but flexible stems used for cordage (Abbott 1992:63; Krauss 1993:39); leaves as shade for fish traps (Krauss 1993:41). When the vines are slapped on ocean surface it is said to stir up the sea (Handy et al. 1972:240), but the vines are also used to drive fish into nets (Pukui and Elbert 1986:336).

  • The vine was mashed and commonly used for sprains, bound to injured limb by kapa bandage, the pounded roots of the vine used as a cathartic (Krauss 1993:102). Used in childbirth (Chun 1998:50).

Natural History

Statewide Status

Indigenous

Island Status

Ka'ula Indigenous
Mokupāpapa (Kure atoll) Indigenous
Ni'ihau(Incl. Lehua) Indigenous
Kuaihelani (Midway Atoll) Indigenous
Kaua'i Indigenous
O'ahu Indigenous
Kapou(Lisianski Island) Indigenous
Molokai Indigenous
Kamole(Laysan Island) Indigenous
Lana'i Indigenous
Kaho'olawe Indigenous
Lalo (French Frigate Shoals) Indigenous
Maui Indigenous
Hawai'i Indigenous
Nihoa Indigenous

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: J.H.Tuckey, Narr. Exped. Zaire: 477 (1818)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:559 (Mi, Li, La, FF, N, Ni, K, O, Mo, L, M, Ka, H [as I. pes-caprae subsp. brasiliensis]); Starr et al. 2003:26 (Ku); Staples & Herbst 2005:247 (KEY), 249 (DESCR); Wood & LeGrande 2006:22/Caum 27 BISH (Le†, 1931, [noted as no spm. but spm. since located at BISH]); Wood et al. 2020:601 (Syn. I. pes-caprae subsp. brasiliensis = I. pes-caprae); Starr & Martz 1999/Herbst 6235 BISH (FF†, 1978); Note: Kl added, based on BISH spms. (R. Daehler s.n., D. Herbst 6212)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Ipomoea pes-caprae Lehua Rock Preserved_Specimen Caum, E.L. 27 Lehua Rock BISH 1931-04-22
2 Ipomoea pes-caprae Makaha Beach, Waianae Preserved_Specimen Grant, M.L. 7324 Oahu BISH 1934-09-01
3 Ipomoea pes-caprae Tern Islet Preserved_Specimen Lamoureux, C.H. 1658 French Frigate Shoals BISH 1961-09-02
4 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kalulu Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 538 Lanai BISH 1930-05-06
5 Ipomoea pes-caprae East Maui, Hana Preserved_Specimen Handy, E.S. 3332 Maui BISH 1933-07-14
6 Ipomoea pes-caprae Oahu Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2372 Oahu BISH 1916-06-01
7 Ipomoea pes-caprae Moomomi Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 608 Molokai BISH 1915-03-24
8 Ipomoea pes-caprae Ilio Point Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Molokai BISH 1982-05-17
9 Ipomoea pes-caprae Waialua beach Preserved_Specimen Topping, D.L. 2935 Oahu BISH 1924-11-27
10 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kahala Beach Preserved_Specimen Garber, D.W. 434 Oahu BISH 1920-06-20
11 Ipomoea pes-caprae Beach W of Kekaha Preserved_Specimen Funk, E.J. 920040 Kauai BISH 1992-04-13
12 Ipomoea pes-caprae Lehua Rock Preserved_Specimen Caum, E.L. 27 Lehua Rock BISH 1931-04-22
13 Ipomoea pes-caprae Molokai Preserved_Specimen Stokes, J.F.G. Molokai BISH 1909-01-01
14 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kaena Point Preserved_Specimen Kondo, Y. Oahu BISH 1958-05-03
15 Ipomoea pes-caprae Tern Islet Preserved_Specimen Rainwater, H.I. French Frigate Shoals BISH 1953-10-25
16 Ipomoea pes-caprae Laysan Preserved_Specimen Schauinsland, H.H. Laysan Island BISH 1896-07-14
17 Ipomoea pes-caprae Islet off Malaekahana-Mokuauia Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1938-06-19
18 Ipomoea pes-caprae Foot of plateau, SE Preserved_Specimen Stokes, J.F.G. Niihau BISH 1912-01-01
19 Ipomoea pes-caprae Molokai Preserved_Specimen Stokes, J.F.G. Molokai BISH 1909-01-01
20 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kaula Rock; SW end Preserved_Specimen Daehler, R. Kaula Rock BISH 1976-09-15
21 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kaula Rock; W side Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 6212 Kaula Rock BISH 1978-08-21
22 Ipomoea pes-caprae Laysan Preserved_Specimen Bryan, W.A. Laysan Island BISH 1903-04-01
23 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kahoolawe Preserved_Specimen Stokes, J.F.G. Kahoolawe BISH 1913-02-10
24 Ipomoea pes-caprae Fort Weaver Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. Oahu BISH 1956-06-04
25 Ipomoea pes-caprae Malaekahana Preserved_Specimen Cooke, C.M. 1275 Oahu BISH 1924-04-27
26 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kahuku, Turtle Bay sandy Preserved_Specimen thick, smooth, 2-3 long leaves Sanchez, S. 4 Oahu BISH 1986-03-24
27 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kailua, Mokulua, S islet eroded slope Preserved_Specimen vine 5-8 m long Fosberg, F.R. 12899 Oahu BISH 1936-02-16
28 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kanaio District, Kanaio beach On sandy beach. Preserved_Specimen Medeiros, A.C. 600 Maui BISH 1983-11-20
29 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kaalualu Bay near South Point on aa lava; sandy; edges of Scaevola thickets Preserved_Specimen vine; flowers purple Whistler, W.A. 43 Hawaii BISH 1972-04-06
30 Ipomoea pes-caprae Northwestern Hawaiian Islands In sandy soil under a Casuarina tree. Preserved_Specimen Vine; fls deep pink. Conant, S. 168 Laysan Island BISH 1983-07-25
31 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kualoa pasture Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3006 Oahu BISH
32 Ipomoea pes-caprae BYU-HC sandy Preserved_Specimen smooth stemmed, long, prostrate, with fibers and milky juice. Leaf stalks 2-3 long, blade 2-3 diam.; corolla pink Lee, P. 38 Oahu BISH 1975-03-27
33 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kipapa Gulch, Waipio side of road Preserved_Specimen trailing Hosaka, E.Y. 1282 Oahu BISH 1935-01-01
34 Ipomoea pes-caprae N end of lagoon's edge sandy Preserved_Specimen Tsuda, R.T. 500 Laysan Island BISH 1963-12-05
35 Ipomoea pes-caprae Mokuleia beach Preserved_Specimen flowers magenta pink St.John, H. 9987 Oahu BISH 1929-11-03
36 Ipomoea pes-caprae N shore sandy with a little coral gravel, 3 m from water, 1 m from Scaevola, open Preserved_Specimen seedling, 0.05 m tall Shelton, P.C. 404 Lisianski Island BISH 1966-06-16
37 Ipomoea pes-caprae Mokuleia beach Preserved_Specimen flowers magenta pink St.John, H. 9987 Oahu BISH 1929-11-03
38 Ipomoea pes-caprae Pupukea-Kahuku road coral rock grading Preserved_Specimen branches 8 m long St.John, H. 22554 Oahu BISH 1947-02-09
39 Ipomoea pes-caprae Nuupia Pond, Kaneohe In sand on ocean side. Preserved_Specimen Purple, light-purple and white flowered forms growing together. Herbst, D.R. 6559 Oahu BISH 1980-10-04
40 Ipomoea pes-caprae Niaupala Fishpond, Kaluaaha coral sand beach Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 19955 Molokai BISH 1939-01-02
41 Ipomoea pes-caprae S. face. Adjacent to eastern slope of W. Palm Valley mouth Stoney Preserved_Specimen Yen, D.E. 1007 Nihoa BISH 1969-05-01
42 Ipomoea pes-caprae Nonou Mts 1.5 mi. inland, on talus slope Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 612 Kauai BISH 1916-10-16
43 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kipapa Gulch, Waipio side of road Preserved_Specimen trailing Hosaka, E.Y. 1282 Oahu BISH 1935-01-01
44 Ipomoea pes-caprae W shore 20 m from ocean, sandy Preserved_Specimen prostrate vine, 10 cm long; flower lavender Daniel, C.W. 2 Laysan Island BISH 1959-07-24
45 Ipomoea pes-caprae East Maui, Hana District, Hana, SE of Kauiki from Kaihalulu Bay to Ka Iwi O Pele coastal pastures; at high tide mark; with Sporobolus virginicus Preserved_Specimen prostrate vine; corolla pale lilac with darker purple striping Flynn, T.W. 2524 Maui BISH 1987-10-22
46 Ipomoea pes-caprae Mokolii Islet, Kualoa top of rocky beach Preserved_Specimen prostrate leaves fleshy Fosberg, F.R. 13580 Oahu BISH 1937-01-31
47 Ipomoea pes-caprae SE of Koko Crater, Maunalua sandy beach Preserved_Specimen Forbes, G. Oahu BISH 1935-05-09
48 Ipomoea pes-caprae S side sandy Preserved_Specimen vine with milky sap, purple flowers Herbst, D.R. 6235 French Frigate Shoals BISH 1978-09-11
49 Ipomoea pes-caprae Ahihi-Kinau Natural Area Reserve, Kipuka at the head of the trail towards Pohaku Paea from the midstop along Makena-Keoneoio road Pockets of vegetation in a'a lava and at roadside. Growing at roadside near the northern end of the reserve. Preserved_Specimen Vine. Abbott, I.A. 91.7 Maui BISH 1991-03-06
50 Ipomoea pes-caprae S. face. Adjacent to eastern slope of W. Palm Valley mouth Stoney Preserved_Specimen Yen, D.E. 1007 Nihoa BISH 1969-05-01
51 Ipomoea pes-caprae Beck's Cove Sand Preserved_Specimen Vine prostrate; flowers deep pink Cuddihy, L.W. 395 Kahoolawe BISH 1980-04-23
52 Ipomoea pes-caprae Hauula beach Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 6000 Oahu BISH 1927-09-25
53 Ipomoea pes-caprae French Frigate Shoals sand islands, near beach Preserved_Specimen prostrate vine Caum, E.L. 91 French Frigate Shoals BISH 1923-06-22
54 Ipomoea pes-caprae Koolau Poko District; Mokapu Peninsula Marine Corps Base Hawaii, Kaneohe Bay, Pyramid Rock Beach Common in & back of vegetation line. Preserved_Specimen Vine w/pale purple flowers. Herbst, D.R. 9727 Oahu BISH 1995-12-05
55 Ipomoea pes-caprae Halape shore Preserved_Specimen Fagerlund, G.O. 332 Hawaii BISH 1943-02-16
56 Ipomoea pes-caprae Pololu Valley, N. Kohala top of beach Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 25495 Hawaii BISH 1954-12-30
57 Ipomoea pes-caprae Paomai coast Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 86 Lanai BISH 1913-09-13
58 Ipomoea pes-caprae North end of island, on lagoon slope around entire island sandy soil Preserved_Specimen Prostrate vine, 15 cm. high; fl. lavender. Daniel, C.W. 22 Laysan Island BISH 1959-07-26
59 Ipomoea pes-caprae Laysan Met with on E. S. and W. side close to high water mark. Preserved_Specimen Bryan, W.A. Laysan Island BISH 1903-04-01
60 Ipomoea pes-caprae Cultivated, Keolu Hills, Kailua, Oahu, Hawaii Growing in street garden in mesic to dry conditions, full sun. Preserved_Specimen Vine, rooting at nodes, purple, tubular flowers. Crago, L.M. 2005133 Oahu BISH 2005-05-09
61 Ipomoea pes-caprae Laie Beach sandy Preserved_Specimen prostrate stem with fibers and milky juice; leaf stalks 2-3 long; blade 2-3 diam.; corolla pink ~2 across Tiu, C. 2 Oahu BISH 1975-03-29
62 Ipomoea pes-caprae Haleiwa beach Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 5998 Oahu BISH 1927-09-25
63 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kanapou Bay Sand beach and rocks Preserved_Specimen Bryan Jr., E.H. 730 Kahoolawe BISH 1931-02-14
64 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kawaihapai coastal dunes Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 9944 Oahu BISH 1935-07-15
65 Ipomoea pes-caprae Sandy Beach Park beach Preserved_Specimen leathery-leafed vine with milky sap and pink-purple flowers Herbst, D.R. 758 Oahu BISH 1967-11-29
66 Ipomoea pes-caprae Manana, Oahu near coast on sandy west shore Closest plant to the ocean. Preserved_Specimen Ocassional. Found near coast on sandy west shore. Starr, F. 5022518 Oahu BISH 2005-02-25
67 Ipomoea pes-caprae Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Plant creeping along edge of lagoon in moist sandy soil. Preserved_Specimen 0.1 -0.3 tall; fls deep pink on the ends. Conant, S. 156 Laysan Island BISH 1983-07-25
68 Ipomoea pes-caprae East Maui, Hana District, Hana, SE of Kauiki from Kaihalulu Bay to Ka Iwi O Pele coastal pastures; at high tide mark; with Sporobolus virginicus Preserved_Specimen prostrate vine; corolla pale lilac with darker purple striping Flynn, T.W. 2524 Maui BISH 1987-10-22
69 Ipomoea pes-caprae National Park, Kau, near Halepe shelter beach; open sunny Preserved_Specimen prostrate trailing vine; flowers mauve Herat, T. 863 Hawaii BISH 1974-06-30
70 Ipomoea pes-caprae Waimanalo Bay low coral sand dunes along shore Preserved_Specimen Harris, J.A. 242141 Oahu BISH 1924-08-26
71 Ipomoea pes-caprae Koko Head near beach Preserved_Specimen Hume, E.P. 191 Oahu BISH 1931-04-29
72 Ipomoea pes-caprae Puuhonua o Honaunau National Historical Park exotic vegetation; along coastal and inland trails Preserved_Specimen flowers light purple Higashino, P.K. 10216 Hawaii BISH 1984-04-07
73 Ipomoea pes-caprae On W point Near coast. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate vine; no flowers or fruit seen. Starr, F. 105229 Kure Atoll BISH 2001-05-22
74 Ipomoea pes-caprae Waimea District. Polihale Sand dunes of coastal dry community. W/ Ipomoea imperati, Vitex rotundifolia Preserved_Specimen Sprawling vine about 4 x 4 meters in diameter. Fruit brown capsules. Seeds gray-black and pubescent. Walsh, S. 782 Kauai BISH 2020-12-09
75 Ipomoea pes-caprae Hulopoe Bay, Palawai blown coral beach sand Preserved_Specimen trailing; flowers rose magenta within 5 narrow pleats St.John, H. 18744 Lanai BISH 1938-04-11
76 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kaneohe Bay road side Preserved_Specimen Forbes, A. Oahu BISH 1930-01-12
77 Ipomoea pes-caprae Camp Mineral rich soil, ground cover or growing on Naupaka. Preserved_Specimen Native. Evergreen perennial. Grows as a vine, flowers are trumpet-shaped and are pink to violet in color. Al-Bayer, S. Kure Atoll BISH 2019-01-05
78 Ipomoea pes-caprae Waimanalo Bay with Scaveola taccada Preserved_Specimen prostrate, creeping stems; flowers pale purple Henrickson, J.S. 3814 Oahu BISH 1969-07-05
79 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kailua, Mokulua, north islet bare rock ledge Preserved_Specimen prostrate Fosberg, F.R. 12942 Oahu BISH 1936-02-16
80 Ipomoea pes-caprae Mokolii A few patches near coast. Preserved_Specimen Starr, F. 5041926 Oahu BISH 2005-04-19
81 Ipomoea pes-caprae Laie beach Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 6015 Oahu BISH 1931-06-10
82 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kapapa Islet, Kaneohe Bay sandy coral, raised reef Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 14009 Oahu BISH 1937-06-06
83 Ipomoea pes-caprae Laie, Mokuauia Island grassy Preserved_Specimen prostrate vines up to 5 m long; flowers purple Fosberg, F.R. 14168 Oahu BISH 1937-07-04
84 Ipomoea pes-caprae Oahu sandy clay Preserved_Specimen Tiu, C. 53 Oahu BISH 1975-02-15
85 Ipomoea pes-caprae By Kaluinui River entrance Beach strand in sand. Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Oahu BISH 1978-05-18
86 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kanapou Bay Sand beach and rocks Preserved_Specimen Bryan Jr., E.H. 730 Kahoolawe BISH 1931-02-14
87 Ipomoea pes-caprae northern end of the lagoon Preserved_Specimen Trailing perennial plant with red-violet flowers. Herbst, D.R. 6517 Laysan Island BISH 1980-07-13
88 Ipomoea pes-caprae Makapuu Point Preserved_Specimen prostrate, long stem, tough fibers, milky juice Smith, M. 23 Oahu BISH 1986-03-23
89 Ipomoea pes-caprae Kalaupapa; E of lighthouse, coast Preserved_Specimen vine Wysong, M.L. 461 Molokai BISH 2004-11-18
90 Ipomoea pes-caprae Honolulu, 1940 Manoa Road Preserved_Specimen prostrate vine several meters long; flower mauve and purple; no fragrance, morning Lau, J. 1215 Oahu BISH 1985-07-16
91 Ipomoea pes-caprae Hauula sandy coast Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 1563 Oahu BISH 1923-07-10
92 Ipomoea pes-caprae Puna, Kamoamoa coast Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. 2866 Hawaii BISH 1959-06-20
93 Ipomoea pes-caprae Honolulu, Punahou area, 1940 Manoa Rd Preserved_Specimen Prostrate vine several meters long. Flower color mauve and purple. Flower fragrance: none (at morning). Lau, J. 1215 Oahu BISH 1985-07-16
94 Ipomoea pes-caprae N end of Mokapu Peninsula high dunes of shell fragments Preserved_Specimen Harris, J.A. 242072 Oahu BISH 1924-08-20
95 Ipomoea pes-caprae beach between Kaena Point and Kaiaka Bay coral sand ridges Preserved_Specimen Harris, J.A. 242207 Oahu BISH 1924-09-04
96 Ipomoea pes-caprae Paomai Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 88 Lanai BISH 1913-09-13
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